Version 2 by Vladimir Alexiev
on Mar 20, 2012 16:09.
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on Mar 21, 2012 16:48.
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{toc}
{color:red}*Do not edit this page in Rich Text mode, edit only in Wiki mode*{color}
{attachments:patterns=.*pie,.*pl}

h1. Introduction
...
RS3.1 FRs were implemented using reasoning dialect "OWL RL (optimized)", i.e. builtin_owl2-rl.pie.
We used constructs owl:PropertyChainAxiom, owl:TransitiveProperty, owl:ReflexiveProperty, and rdfs:subPropertyOf (which amounts to disjunction).
But as described in [OWLIM Rules vs OWL RL#Less Expressive], OWL RL is less expressive than OWLIM Rules, since one cannot define a property by conjunction.
We are pretty sure the full FR set will require conjunction, so we'll go with OWLIM Rules. See [OWLIM Rules documentation|http://owlim.ontotext.com/display/OWLIMv43/OWLIM-SE+Reasoner#OWLIM-SEReasoner-RuleFormatandSemantics].

...
This page is used to generate OWLIM artefacts for production. We "weave" them from \{code} blocks in the page, following [Literate Programming|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literate_Programming]. We weave several files based on code block titles:
||Title ||Weaved into||
|Turtle | FR.ttl (the old file RF.ttl will be deleted from svn)|
|Turtle | (x) (not yet implemented) FR.ttl, The old file RF.ttl will be deleted from svn|
|Prefices| builtin_RdfsRules.pie, at the beginning of section Prefices (after the opening brace)|
|Axioms | builtin_RdfsRules.pie, at the beginning of section Axioms (after the opening brace)|
...

h2. Transitive and Inverse Properties
We use the RDFS dialect as a basis, which implements rdfs:subClassOf and rdfs:subPropertyOf reasoning.
In addition, ECRM declares Transitive and Inverse Properties, eg
{code}
...
It's very useful to rely on general Transitive and Inverse reasoning, so we copy the relevant rules from builtin_owl2-rl.pie:
{code:title=Rules}
p <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>; x p y; y p z [Cut] => x p z
p1 <owl:inverseOf> p2; x p1 y => y p2 x
p1 <owl:inverseOf> p2; x p2 y => y p1 x
{code}

h2. ECRM Fixes
For some reason ECRM doesn't declare P9,P46 transitive, although it does it for P106,P148. Posted bug to CRM SIG and make P9, P9i, P46, P46i transitive:
{code:title=Axioms}
<crm:P9_consists_of> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
<crm:P9i_forms_part_of> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
<crm:P46_is_composed_of> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
<crm:P46i_forms_part_of> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
{code}

h2. Reflexive Properties
FR definitions are full of reflexive-transitive sub-FRs. In FRThing.docx they are denoted (Pnnn)(0,n), and below we denote them as Pnn*
...
(x) If someone defines an application-specific subclass of an undesirable classes, it can "sneak through" this rule
{code:title=Rule-COMMENTED OUT}
x <rdf:type> t [Constraint t!=<crm:E70_Thing>, t!=<rso:FC70_Thing>, t!=<crm:E21_Person>, t!=<crm:E55_Type>, t!=<crm:E56_Language>, t!=<crm:E57_Material>, t!=<crm:E58_Measurement_Unit>, t!=<crm:E30_Right>, t!=<crm:E41_Appellation>, t!=<crm:E35_Title>, t!=<crm:E42_Identifier>, t!=<crm:E44_Place_Appellation>, t!=<crm:E45_Address>, t!=<crm:E46_Section_Definition>, t!=<crm:E47_Spatial_Coordinates>, t!=<crm:E48_Place_Name>, t!=<crm:E49_Time_Appellation>, t!=<crm:E50_Date>, t!=<crm:E51_Contact_Point>, t!=<crm:E75_Conceptual_Object_Appellation>, t!=<crm:E82_Actor_Appellation>]
t <rdfs:subClassOf> <crm:E70_Thing>
--------------------
...
!FR67_refers_to_or_is_about.png!

(!) Problems:
# At beginning: does not allow paths of mixed properties (eg P130-P130i, P106-P148),
or with P46,P106,P148 preceding P130,P130i
#- Resolved: we mix all these properties freely: any path of the indicated properties, in any order, of any length
# At E73: does not allow P106_is_composed_of, P148_has_component which are legitimate for E73 (being a subclass of both E89_Propositional_Object and E90_Symbolic_Object)
#- Resolved: we add P128 into the mix.
Did we mix it up too much? I think it's ok: not all allowed paths are correct, but all correct and relevant paths are allowed
# At E26: does not allow P130,P130i,P46
#- Resolved by adding the mix at E26 too
# At end: is it really appropriate to use part-transitivity for this FR? If a thing is about Knossos, is it also about every little village, house and room in Knossos?
It was established this FR is not [co-variant|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance_and_contravariance_(computer_science)] (not appropriate to loop using P89*), but is it contra-variant (appropriate to use P89i* loop using P89i*)?
#- (?) PENDING

...
!FR67_refers_to_or_is_about-fixed.png!

- FRT_130_46_106_148 := (P130 or P130i or P46 or P106 or P148)+
Implementation
- FRT_130_46_106_148_128 := (P130 or P130i or P46 or P106 or P148 or P128)+
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P130_shows_features_of> y => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y
x <crm:P130i_features_are_also_found_on> y => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y
x <crm:P46_is_composed_of> y => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y
x <crm:P106_is_composed_of> y => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y
x <crm:P148_has_component> y => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y
x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148> y; y <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148> z => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148> z
x <crm:P128_carries> y => x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y
{code}
{code:title=Axioms}
<rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
{code}

- FRX_62_67 := P62_depicts or P67_refers_to
...
{code}

- FRX67_refers_to_or_is_about := paths from FC70 to E53, with no loops at start & end nor type constraints
- FRX_62_67_E26 := FRX_62_67 and check type E26
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRX_62_67> y; y <rdf:type> <crm:E26_Physical_Feature> => x <rso:FRX_62_67_E26> y
{code}

- FRX67_refers_to_or_is_about := paths from FC70 to E53, with no loops nor type check at start & end
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRX_62_67> y => x <rso:FRX67_refers_to_or_is_about> y
x <rso:FRX_62_67_E26> y; y <crm:P53_has_former_or_current_location> z => x <rso:FRX67_refers_to_or_is_about> z
x <rso:FRX_62_67_E26> y; y <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> z; z <crm:P53_has_former_or_current_location> t => x <rso:FRX67_refers_to_or_is_about> t
{code}

...
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRX67_refers_to_or_is_about> y => x <rso:FRT67_refers_to_or_is_about> y
x <rso:FRT_130_46_106_148_128> y; y <rso:FRT67_refers_to_or_is_about> z => x <rso:FRT67_refers_to_or_is_about> z
x <rso:FRT67_refers_to_or_is_about> y; y <crm:P89i_contains> z => x <rso:FRT67_refers_to_or_is_about> z
{code}

- FR67_refers_to_or_is_about := add type constraints check at start & end
{code:title=Rules}
x <rdf:type> <rso:FC70_Thing>; x <rso:FRT67_refers_to_or_is_about> y; y <rdf:type> <crm:E53_Place> => x <rso:FR67_refers_to_or_is_about> y
...

h3. Thing "is referred to at" Place

h3. Thing "from" Place
As defined in FRThing.docx (without C2.Finding which is undefined):
!FR7_from_place.png!

Problems:
# At beginning: does not allow paths of mixed properties (eg P46i,P106i)
#- Resolved by "mixing" as FRT_46i_106i_148i
# At E9: does not allow a loop P9i* (Move forms part of a bigger event)
#- Resolved by merging all Event nodes (E8, E9, second E63) and allowing P9i*
#- Note that P26,P27 are subproperties of P7, so we don't need to use them
#- (We could even merge both E63, but then we'd have a back-link and before traversing P14 must check that the event is the production/creation of a Thing: E12, E65, E81)

!FR7_from_place-fixed.png!

- FRT_46i_106i_148i := (P46i or P106i or P148i)+
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P46i_forms_part_of> y => x <rso:FRT_46i_106i_148i> y
x <crm:P106i_forms_part_of> y => x <rso:FRT_46i_106i_148i> y
x <crm:P148i_is_component_of> y => x <rso:FRT_46i_106i_148i> y
{code}
{code:title=Axioms}
<rso:FRT_46i_106i_148i> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
{code}

- FRX_53_54_current_location := P53 or P54
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P53_has_former_or_current_location> y => x <rso:FRX_53_54_current_location> y
x <crm:P54_has_current_permanent_location> y => x <rso:FRX_53_54_current_location> y
{code}

- FRT92i_9i := P92i then P9i*
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by> y => x <rso:FRT92i_9i> y
x <crm:P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by> y; y <crm:P9i_forms_part_of> z => x <rso:FRT92i_9i> z
{code}

- FRT107i_member_of := P107i+
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P107i_is_current_or_former_member_of> y => x <rso:FRT107i_member_of> y
{code}
{code:title=Axioms}
<rso:FRT107i_member_of> <rdf:type> <owl:TransitiveProperty>
{code}

- FRX_P92i_P14_P107i := FRT92i_9i then P14 then P107i*
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRT92i_9i> y; y <crm:P14_carried_out_by> z => x <rso:FRX_P92i_P14_P107i> z
x <rso:FRT92i_9i> y; y <crm:P14_carried_out_by> z; z <rso:FRT107i_member_of> t => x <rso:FRX_P92i_P14_P107i> t
{code}

- FRX_FC70_key_event := paths from FC70 to E8,E9,E63 (a "key event")
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P24i_changed_ownership_through> y => x <rso:FRX_FC70_key_event> y
x <crm:P25i_moved_by> y => x <rso:FRX_FC70_key_event> y
x <rso:FRX_P92i_P14_P107i> y; y <crm:P92i_was_brought_into_existence_by> z => x <rso:FRX_FC70_key_event> z
{code}

- FRT_FC70_key_event_P9i := FRX_FC70_key_event then P9i*
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRX_FC70_key_event> y => x <rso:FRT_FC70_key_event_P9i> y
x <rso:FRX_FC70_key_event> y; y <crm:P9i_forms_part_of> z => x <rso:FRT_FC70_key_event_P9i> z
{code}

- FRX7_from_place := paths from FC70 to E53, with no loops nor type check at start & end
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRX_53_54_current_location> y => x <rso:FRX7_from_place> y
x <rso:FRT_FC70_key_event_P9i> y; y <crm:P7_took_place_at> z => x <rso:FRX7_from_place> z
x <rso:FRX_P92i_P14_P107i> y; y <crm:P74_has_current_or_former_residence> z => x <rso:FRX7_from_place> z
x <rso:FRT92i_9i> y; y <crm:P7_took_place_at> z => x <rso:FRX7_from_place> z
{code}

- FRT7_from_place := add loops at start & end
{code:title=Rules}
x <rso:FRX7_from_place> y => x <rso:FRT7_from_place> y
x <rso:FRT_46i_106i_148i> y; y <rso:FRX7_from_place> z => x <rso:FRT7_from_place> z
x <rso:FRX7_from_place> y; y <crm:P89_falls_within> z => x <rso:FRT7_from_place> z
{code}

- FR7_from_place := add type check at start
(No need to check at end since all relations are to E53_Place)
{code:title=Rules}
x <rdf:type> <rso:FC70_Thing>; x <rso:FRT7_from_place> y => x <rso:FR7_from_place> y
{code}

h3. Thing "used at" Place
h3. Thing "created at" Place
...
h2. Thing-Event
h2. Thing-Concept

h1. Scratchpad

- FRT46_is_composed_of := P46_is_composed_of+
For some reason ECRM doesn't declare P46 transitive though it does it for P106,P148 (posted bug to CRM SIG)
{code:title=Rules}
x <crm:P46_is_composed_of> y => x <rso:FRT46_is_composed_of> y
x <rso:FRT46_is_composed_of> y; y <rso:FRT46_is_composed_of> z => x <rso:FRT46_is_composed_of> z
{code}